Notes and links
- Hebrew: אָמֵן, Modern: amen
, Tiberian:
amen
;
Greek: ἀμήν, romanized: amín; Arabic: آمینَ, romanized: Āmīna; Aramaic/Syriac: ͐͵͡͡͝ͼ͢, romanized: Āmīn - ^ a b c
Harper, Douglas.
"Amen". Online Dictionary of Etymology
. Retrieved August 20, 2007. - ^ a b c d f g h i
Thurston , Herbert (1907).
"Amen". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia
.
1
. New York: Robert Appleton Company. - "amen - Definition of amen in English in Oxford Dictionaries." oxfordcommanders.com
. Retrieved September 2, 2015. - "Two Ways to Say 'Amen'".
- Paul Huon, S.J., A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew
, trans. and edited by T. Muraoka, vol. I, Rome: Editrice Pontificio Instituto Biblico, 2000. - ^ a b How to Understand Your Neighbor's Faith
, Philip Lazowski, (KTAV), 2004, pp. - "Amen". Jewish Encyclopedia
. Archived from the original February 16, 2008. Retrieved February 19, 2008. - ^ a b
"Amen".
American Heritage Dictionary
. Archived from the original on April 21, 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-26. - "King James Strong's Hebrew Dictionary of the Bible." Archived from the original February 13, 2008. Retrieved February 26, 2008.
- "COLLECTION OF THEOSOPHICAL GLOSSARY - Amen." Archived from the original March 15, 2008. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
- "Origin Amen." July 14, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
- "Amen". Meeting of YAHUSHUA MASHIACHACHA. December 15, 2005. Archived from the original on February 6, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
- Yogananda, Paramahansa. Autobiography of a Yoga, 1946, chapter 26.
- Shri H.W.L. Punja, “The Truth Is,” published by Samuel Weiser, 2000, ISBN 1-57863-175-0
- Mandala yoga Archived December 22, 2015 Wayback Machine
- "Hindu culture - Omkar and swastika." Hindubooks.org
. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved September 2, 2015. - Ehrmann, Adolf and Grapow, Hermann: Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Im Auftrage der Deutschen Akademien, Berlin: Akademie Verlag (1971), p.85
- ^ a b
"Amen: behind the word and meaning."
ASH
. August 12, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022. - Zuckermann, Gilad (2003), Language contact and lexical enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781403917232 / ISBN 9781403938695 [1]
- "Amen", Bible Encyclopedia
- "Amen". Jewish Encyclopedia
. Archived from the original February 16, 2008. Retrieved February 22, 2008. - ^ a b c
“Amen.”
Encyclopedia Britannica
. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 2008. Retrieved March 17, 2008. - Raymond Brown, The Gospel of John Volume 1, Anchor Bible Dictionary, page 84
- ^ a b
"Bible Dictionary: Amen."
eastonsbibledictionary.com
. Retrieved September 2, 2015. - Wed John L. MacKenzie, S.J., The Bible Dictionary, New York: MacMillan Publ. Co., Inc., 1965. Recording: "Amen" (page 25)
- Orach Chaim 56 (Amen in Kaddish)
- |OC 124 (Amen in response to blessings read prayer book)
- OC 215 (amen in response to blessings made by any person outside the liturgy)
- Tractate Shabbat 119b and Tractate Sanhedrin 111a
- Praying Like a Jew: A Guide to the Prayer Book and Synagogue Services,
Chaim Halevi Donin - ^ a b c
Chisholm, Hugh, ed.
(1911). "Amen". Encyclopedia Britannica
.
1
(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. item 804. - Among certain Gnostic sects, Amen
became the name of an angel. - Hovda, Robert W. (1983). "Amen Corner" Worship
.
57
(2): 150–156. - Wycliffe. "Matthew 6:9–15". Wycliffe Bible
. - Hastings, James (2004) [1901]. A Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels: Volume
I. Minerva Group, Inc. page 52. - Glass, Cyril (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam
. Stacy International. paragraph 48. ISBN 9780759101906.
“Amen” among early Christians is part of liturgical practice, far from the Jewish tradition
Gradually and naturally, the word “amen” migrated into liturgical practice.
Early Christian writings make it clear that there were no fixed rules for the use of "amen" - no single context and meaning. Often, communities themselves established certain features of the use of words in prayer, because it was difficult to coordinate with the rest of the Christian world.
The main thing that can be noted is that the Christian world tried to distance itself as much as possible from the Jewish heritage. So the word “amen” was used far from the forms inherent in Jewish worship.
For example, “Amen” was said when receiving the holy mysteries.
Etymology
"Amen" in modern ( Madnhaya
) Syriac script.
Using amen
, meaning “so be it” (as in the early scriptures of the Bible), is a word of Biblical Hebrew origin.[6]
The word comes from the Hebrew Scriptures as a confirmatory answer; it is found in Deuteronomy as a confirmation of the people's response.[7] Moreover, the Book of Chronicles (16:36) indicates that around 1000 B.C. the word was used in its religious sense, and the people answered "Amen" when they heard the blessing: "Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, from this time forth, and unto the ages of ages." .[7] The basic triconsonantal root from which the word is derived is common to a number of languages in the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages, including Biblical Aramaic. The word was transferred to Greek from Judaism by the early church.[3][8] From Greek, amen
entered other Western languages.
According to the standard dictionary etymology, amen
passed from Greek to Late Latin, and from there to English.[9]
Rabbinic scholars in medieval France considered the standard Hebrew word for the faith. Emunah
comes from the root
amen.
Although they look different in English transliteration, they are both from the root aleph-mem-nun.
That is, the Hebrew word amen
comes from the same ancient three-letter Hebrew root as the verb
man
.[10]
Grammarians often list people
underneath it are three consonant letters (aleph-mem-nun), which are identical to those of
amen
(note that the Hebrew letter א
aleph
represents a glottal stop sound that functions as a consonant in Hebrew morphology).[9]
This three-letter root means to be firm, confirmed, reliable, faithful, to have faith, to believe.
In Arabic, this word comes from its three-letter common root ʾĀmen[ citation needed
] (Arabic: آمن), which has the same meaning as the root word in Hebrew.
Popular among some Theosophists,[11] supporters of the Afrocentric theory of history,[12] and adherents of esoteric Christianity[13] this is a guess, this is amen
is derived from the name of the Egyptian god Amun (which is sometimes also written
Amen
).
Some adherents of Eastern religions believe that amen
has common roots with the Hindu Sanskrit word
Aum
.[14][15][16][17] Such external etymologies are not included in standard etymological reference books. The Hebrew word, as noted above, begins with aleph, and the Egyptian name begins with yodh.[18]
The Armenian word ամեն ( amen
) means "every";
however, it is also used in the same form at the end of prayers as in English.[19] In French, the Hebrew word amen
is sometimes translated as
Ainsi soit-il
, meaning "So be it."[19]
Linguist Gil'ad Zuckermann argues that, as with Hallelujah, the word amen
is usually not replaced by translation because of the speaker's belief in iconicity, their perception that there is something intrinsic to the relationship between the sound of the signifier (the word) and what it signifies (its meaning).[20]:62
Hebrew Bible
The word appears 30 times in the Hebrew Bible; only in Deuteronomy 12 times, starting at 27:15. The fixed phrase "Amen, amen" occurs 5 times - Psalm 42:13; 72:19; 89:52; Numbers 5:22; Nehemiah 8:6. This word is translated "truth" 2 times in Isaiah 65:16. Three Different Biblical Uses of Amen
may be noted:[3]
- Initial amen
, returning to the words of another speaker and introducing an affirmative clause, such as 1 Kings 1:36.[3] - A separate amen
, again referring to the words of another speaker, but without an additional affirmative clause, such as Nehemiah 5:13.[3] - The ending is amen
, without a change of speaker, as in the subscription to the first three sections of the Psalms.[3]
New Testament
The word appears 52 times in the Synoptic Gospels; then the Gospel of John has 25.[21] Using amen
(“truly” or “I speak the truth” depending on the translation) in the Gospels form a unique class;
they are initial and often do not have any reference to the antecedent in the book's referent.[22] The use of the first word "amen" (single or double in form[ vague
]) to introduce the solemn statements of Jesus in the Gospels has no parallel in modern Jewish practice.[23] Raymond Brown says that Jesus' peculiar and authentic use of the word "amen" in the Fourth Gospel is confirmation that what he is about to say is an echo of the Father.[24]
in the King James Bible, the word Amen
found in many contexts. Notable ones include:
- In the Catechism of Curses the Law is found in Deuteronomy 27.[3]
- The double amen
(“amen and amen”) occurs in Psalm 89 (Psalm 41:13; 72:19; 89:52) to confirm the words and call for their fulfillment.[25] - Amen
appears in several doxological formulas in Romans 1:25, 9:5, 11:36, 15:33 and several times in chapter 16.[3] He also appears in the doxologies in Psalms (41:14; 72:19; 89:53; 106:48). This liturgical form is from Judaism.[26] - This completes all of Paul's General messages.
- In Revelation 3:14, Jesus is called "the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of God's creation." The entire passage reads: “And to the angel of the church of Laodicea write: Thus says the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of the creation of God.”
- Amen
concludes the last book of the New Testament, Rev. 22:21.
Note: The word “amen” in Revelation 3:14 refers to an angel. Jesus was not an angel before he was born. Therefore, anyone who believes that Jesus was an angel before he was born denies Jesus as the Son of God.
Amen in Hebrew
The word amen is adopted from the Hebrew texts of the Old Testament. In its unchanged form, it passed into Greek and Latin, then into Russian. In Hebrew it has the same root as the following words: solid, reliable, believe. Amen consists of three letters. It is the root part of many words, including:
- Lechaamin - to believe.
- Emunah is faith.
- Aminute - reliability.
- Emun - fidelity.
According to the Rashi Dictionary, amen means “so be it,” “truth,” and amin means “trustworthy.”
It is the most common religious term and is used equally in Christianity, Islam and Judaism.
Interesting fact. Amen - what does this mean in Islam? Accept our words. Muslims believe that if someone says "Amen" at the same time as the angels in heaven, all past sins will be forgiven.
Some experts believe that this word is a modified version of aum and om.
Pronunciations
In English the word amen
has two primary pronunciations, ah-PEOPLE (/ɑːˈmɛn/) or ah-PEOPLE (/eɪˈmɛn/),[4] with minor additional variations in stress (for example, two syllables may be equally stressed instead of having primary stress on the second ).
Featuring English-speaking North American usage, the ah-male
pronunciation is used in the performance of classical music and in churches with more formalized rituals and liturgy.
The i-men
the pronunciation is a product of the Great Vowel Shift (i.e. dating from the 15th century); it is associated with Irish Protestantism and with conservative evangelicalism; it is a pronunciation that is commonly used in gospel music.[5]
Muslims say "a-min" when they complete the recitation of Al-Fatihah, the first surah, in prayer.
Name of God
Typically, “amen” is exclaimed at the end of most prayers and sermons, the biblical text, and when reading the Creed. It is considered an unchangeable and integral liturgical formula of worship. Present in the Bible to enhance the truth of God's revelations. In such semantics, the Apostle Paul and Christ himself pronounced “Amen”: “For truly I say to you...”.
“Amen” is pronounced not only at the end of the prayer. It is also used at the beginning of a phrase. For example, “Amen I say to you” - “Truly I say to you.” And in the Apocalypse and the Old Testament Book of Isaiah it is used as the name of Christ. Thus, in John the Theologian we read: “Thus says the Amen, the faithful and true witness.”
Scraper
As Yuri Ruban explains, in its broad interpretation, Christianity understands “amen” as a kind of seal of confirmation. It is not for nothing that it is the last word of the Christian Bible and it is no coincidence that it is pronounced not only by the priest, but also by the parishioners. In a single word, they express understanding, agreement and absolute acceptance of what they heard from the clergyman - and this is invariable in all three religions.
“Amen” is also the hope of those praying that all their words will be heard by the Lord. In addition, “Amen” confirms that the format of Christian worship involves dialogue. At the same time, it unites the priest and parishioners into “an organically integral people of God.”